GRE ISSUE 类作文题库——嘉文博译英汉双语版

GRE ISSUE 类作文题库
嘉文博译英汉双语版
The Pool of Issue Topics

When you take the analytical writing section of the GRE General Test, you will be presented with two Issue topics from this pool. Because the wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here, you should read your test topics carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test. Present your perspective on the Issue below, using relevant reasons and/or examples to support your views.

Issue 1
“We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning.”
“一般而言，从那些我们能认同其观点的人那里，我们所能学到的东西远多于那些观点与我们相悖的人；意见分歧会导致压抑并阻碍我们的学习。”
Issue 2
“Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society.”
“最终而言，竞争将对社会利大于弊。”
Issue 3
“It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations.”
“将经费用来解决直接的、现存的社会问题，要比将它花费在那些可能造福人类下一代的长远研究上来得更为重要。”
Issue 4
“No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study.”
“除非有局外人将其知识和经验带入某一特定研究领域，否则，任何研究领域均无法获得重大进展。”
Issue 5
“A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer.”
“一个国家应该要求它的所有学生学习相同的全国性课程，直到他们进入大学，而不应该允许全国不同地区的学校来自行决定向学生提供何种课程。”
Issue6
“The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth.”
“理解当代文化最有效的方法是去分析其年轻一代人身上的各种趋势。”
Issue 7
“The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records.”
“录像机能提供如此精确和令人信服的有关当代生活的记录，以致于它与书面记载相比已成为一种更为重要的记载方式。”
Issue 8
“It is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public.”
“对于政治领袖们来说，向公众隐藏某些信息常常是必要的，甚至是可取的。”
Issue 9
“Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use.”
“在最近几年中，学术性学科已变得如此专业化，以致于学者们的思想只能抵达一群非常狭窄的受众。除非学者们的思想能抵达一群更为广泛的受众，否则，他们的思想将几乎毫无用处。”
Issue 10
“Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive, because it is primarily in cities that a nation's cultural traditions are preserved and generated.”
“政府必须确保大城市能获得它们所需的财政支持以便保持繁荣，因为一个国家的文化传统主要是在都市里才能得到保护并得以产生。”
Issue 11
“All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems.”
“所有国家应该伸出援助之手，来推动建立一所世界大学，从而使学生置身于解决世界上最积重难返的社会问题这一进程。”
Issue 12
“People's attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation or surroundings than by any internal characteristic.”
“人们的态度在较大程度上是由他们的直接情形或环境所决定的，而不是由任何内在的特点所决定的。”
Issue 13
“Many of the world's lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer and fewer people speak them. The governments of countries in which these languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from becoming extinct.”
“世界上许多不那么著名的语言正在不断消亡，因为说这些语言的人数量越来越少。说这些语言的国家，其政府应该行动起来，阻止这些语言趋于灭绝。”
Issue 14
“It is necessary for everyone to read poetry, novels, mythology and other types of imaginative literature.”
“所有人都有必要去阅读诗歌、小说、神话和其他类型的想像性文学。”
Issue 15
“The stability of a society depends on how it responds to the extremes of human behavior.”
“一个社会的稳定取决于它如何来应对极端的人类行为。”
Issue 16
“Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals.”
“尽管许多人认为当代生活的奢侈与便利全然无害，但它们实际上使人们无法成为真正强有力且独立的个体。”
Issue 17
“There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws.”
“有两种法律，公正的与不公正的。置身于社会中的每个个人都有责任去遵守公正的法律，甚至更重要的是，去拒不服从并抵制不公正的法律。”
Issue 18
“Only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others does one really discover the value of that idea.”
“只有当人们被迫针对他人的怀疑和对立观点为自己的观点进行辩护时，他们才会真正发现该观点的价值。”
Issue 19
“If a society is to thrive, it must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens.”
“一个社会若想繁荣昌盛，它就必须将其自身的整体成功置于个体公民的福祉之前。”
Issue 20
“National governments should devote more of their social programs and services to children than to adults.”
“各国政府应将其社会计划和服务更多地致力于孩子而非成人。”
Issue 21
“Reform is seldom brought about by people who are concerned with their own reputation and social standing. Those who are really in earnest about reforming a government, an educational system, or any other institution must be willing to be viewed with disdain by the rest of the world.”
“改革不应由那些关注其名声和社会地位的人来进行。那些真正很认真想改革政府、教育制度或任何体制的人们应该愿意被社会的所有其他成员以鄙视的态度来看待。”
Issue 22
“Many people believe that a few individuals or small groups (family, friends, teachers, celebrities, for example) have caused them to think and behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that defines us and our attitudes, not a few individuals.”
“许多人相信，小数几个个人或小团体（例如家庭、友人、老师或名人）导致他们以现在的这种方式进行思考和行动。但总是整个社会，而不是少数几个个人在制约着我们及我们的态度。”
Issue 23
“Contemporary technology makes available many small pieces of factual information. As a result, people have become so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger Issues and overall perspectives.”
“现当代技术使我们能获取许多条事实性的小信息。这样一来，人们变得如此专注于一条条支离破碎的信息，以致于他们很少将注意力集中在较大的问题和全局性视野上。”
Issue 24
“People in positions of power are most effective when they exercise caution and restraint in the use of that power.”
“处于权力位置上的人只有在行使其权力时做到慎重而有节制，才能最为有效地行事。”
Issue 25
“Anyone can make things bigger and more complex. What requires real effort and courage is to move in the opposite direction—in other words, to make things as simple as possible.”
“任何人都能将事情做得更大、更为复杂。真正需要努力和勇气去做的是采取相反方向的行动——换言之，使事情变得尽可能的简单。”
Issue 26
“Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society's past, but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes. In such situations, modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served.”
“大多数人都会同意，建筑物代表着任何一个社会有价值的历史记录；但当旧建筑物矗立在那些被当代规划者觉得能更好地满足当代目的的地面上时，争论便由此而生。在这样的情形中，现代发现与保护古迹之间，前者应得到优先考虑，以便使当代的需求能得以满足。”
Issue 27
“No one can possibly achieve success in the world by conforming to conventional practices and conventional ways of thinking.”
“遵循常规做法和常规思维模式，世界上几乎不可能有人取得成功。”
Issue 28
“Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little.”
“只有当学生研习过了那些有助于解释某些事实的思想、潮流和概念之后才应该去铭记这些事实。只铭记事实的学生可谓知之甚少。”
Issue 29
“Public figures such as actors, politicians, and athletes should expect people to be interested in their private lives. When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy.”
“公共人物，如演员、政治家和体育运动员应该能料到人们会对其私生活甚感兴趣。当他们追求一种公共角色时，他们应能预料到他们将至少丧失一部分隐私。”
Issue 30
“The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time.”
“技术进步的主要目标是提高人们的效率，这样，每个人都能享受更多的闲暇时光。”
Issue 31
“Money spent on research is almost always a good investment, even when the results of that research are controversial.”
“即使在某项研究结果有争议的情况下，花费在该项研究上的经费几乎总是不失为一项有益的投资。”
Issue 32
“A school or college should pay its teachers at the same rate in all disciplines, regardless of differences in salaries for related fields in the world outside of school. For example, entry-level teachers in mathematics and in the arts should receive the same pay, even if outside of school, math specialists earn a much higher salary on average than do specialists in the arts.”
“任何一所学校或学院应该向所有学科的教员支付同等的薪酬，无论学校之外的社会上相关领域中的薪酬差异有多大。例如，刚开始执教的艺术类和数学类教员应获得相同的工资，尽管在学校之外，数学专家平均要比艺术专家工资远来得高。”
Issue 33
“Creating an appealing image has become more important in contemporary society than is the reality or truth behind that image.”
“在当代社会中，创造一种有吸引力的形象已变得比该形象背后的现实或真相来得更为重要。”
Issue 34
“Instead of requiring students to take courses in a variety of disciplines—that is, courses ranging from the arts and the humanities to the physical and biological sciences—colleges and universities should allow students to enroll only in those courses that will help prepare them for jobs in their chosen fields. Such concentration is necessary in today's increasingly work-oriented society.”
“学院和大学不应该要求学生学习诸多学科中的各种课程，包括艺术与人文学科到物理与生物科学的课程。相反，应允许学生仅仅去学习那些能帮助他们为其所选择的领域中的工作做好准备的课程。在当今越来越面向工作的社会中，这样一种专业侧重是必要的。”
Issue 35
“No matter what the situation, it is more harmful to compromise one's beliefs than to adhere to them.”
“不管情况如何，放弃自己的信仰要比坚持这些信仰来得更为有害。”
Issue 36
“The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries.”
“某些个人是否伟大，只能由那些生活在他们之后的人来决定，而无法由其同代人来决定。”
Issue 37
“In most societies, competition generally has more of a negative than a positive effect.”
“在大多数社会中，竞争一般弊大于利。”
Issue 38
“In the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. People can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books.”
“在电视时代，阅读书籍不再像过去那么重要了。人们通过看电视，可以学到与看书同样多的东西。”
Issue 39
“The intellectual benefits of attending a university or college are vastly overrated: most people could learn more by studying and reading on their own for four years than by pursuing a university or college degree.”
“上大学或学院所能带来的智力裨益被过分夸大。大多数人自己通过四年的学习和阅读就可以比获得大学或学院的学位学到更多的东西。”
Issue 40
“Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem.”
“学者与研究人员不应该关注他们的研究是否能为整个社会作出贡献。更重要的是，他们应该去追求他们的兴趣，无论这些兴趣有可能会显得多么的异常或独特。”
Issue 41
“Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.”
“诸如占星术、算命、以及通灵和超科学追求等非主流探究领域在社会中起着举足轻重的作用，因为它们满足了主流科学所不曾涉及的人类需要。”
Issue 42
“Because learning is not a solitary activity but one that requires collaboration among people, students of all ages will benefit academically if they work frequently in groups.”
“由于学习不是一项孤立的活动，而是一项需要人们彼此间相互合作的活动，因此，每个年龄段的学生如果经常以群体的形式进行学习，他们在学业上就会获益匪浅。”
Issue 43
“To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.”
“要成为一个卓有成效的领导者，每一位公共官员必须维持至高的伦理与道德水准。”
Issue 44
“Government should not fund any scientific research whose consequences, either medical or ethical, are unclear.”
“任何科学研究，如果其后果——不管是医学上的还是伦理上的——不明晰，政府就不应该予以资助。”
Issue 45
“Anyone can make things bigger and more complex. What requires real effort and courage is to move in the opposite direction—in other words, to make things as simple as possible.”
“任何人都能将事情做得更大、更为复杂。真正需要努力和勇气去做的是采取相反方向的行动——换言之，使事情变得尽可能的简单。”
Issue 46
“While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation.”
“虽然政府、体育、工业及其他领域的领袖将其成功归诸于一种成熟的竞争意识，但社会通过向青年一代灌输某种合作意识可能会使年轻人更好地作好进入社会的准备。”
Issue 47
“Society does not place enough emphasis on the intellect—that is, on reasoning and other cognitive skills.”
“社会对人类理智——即逻辑推理及其他认知技能——没能给予足够的重视。”
Issue 48
“The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten.”
“史学研究过分注重个人。历史上最重大的事件和趋势并不是由少数杰出人物造就的，而是由那些其身份早就湮没无闻的人类群体所创造的。”
Issue 49
“Imaginative works such as novels, plays, films, fairy tales, and legends present a more accurate and meaningful picture of human experience than do factual accounts. Because the creators of fiction shape and focus reality rather than report on it literally, their creations have a more lasting significance.”
“诸如小说、戏剧、电影、童话、传奇故事等虚构性作品，较之于事实性的作品能表现出更为精确的和更有意义的有关人类经验的图画。由于小说的创作者聚焦于现实并塑造现实，而不是如实地报道现实，故他们的创造具有一种更为持久的意义。”
Issue 50
“In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level, all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach.”
“为了提高学院和大学一级的教学质量，所有教职人员都应该花一定时间从事学术界之外与他们所教课程相关的职业。”
Issue 51
“Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student.”
“只有当教育被专门设计去满足每个学生的个体需要和兴趣时，教育才算真正有效。”
Issue 52
“Education encourages students to question and criticize, and therefore does little to promote social harmony.”
“教育鼓励学生去质疑和批评，因此对促进社会和谐无济于事。”
Issue 53
“College and university education should be free for all students, fully financed by the government.”
“学院和大学教育应该对所有学生实行免费，完全由政府承担财政支出。”
Issue 54
“History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.”
“历史能教会我们一件事情，那就是，了解过去无助于人们在今天作出重要的决定。”
Issue 55 "Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education.”
“竞争高分会严重限制所有教育层面上的学习质量。”
Issue 56
“Governments should focus more on solving the immediate problems of today rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future.”
“政府应该集中注意力来解决今天的直接问题，而不应该试图去解决未来的预期问题。”
Issue 57
“The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is much richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience.”
“从书本中获得的知识，其深度要比从直接经验中所能学到的东西远来得丰富和广阔。”
Issue 58
“The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves.”
“当今时代越来越快的生活节奏所引发的问题远多于它所能解决的问题。”
Issue 59
“Too much emphasis is placed on role models. Instead of copying others, people should learn to think and act independently and thus make the choices that are best for them.”
“人们对角色榜样给予了过多的强调。人们不应该模仿他人，而应该学习独立思考和行事，并因此去作出对他们最有利的选择。”
Issue 60
“The media—and society in general—mistakenly expect an individual to speak for a particular group, whether or not that individual truly represents the views of the entire group.”
“媒体——以及整个社会——错误地期望个人能代表某个特定群体来表达意见，不管那人是否真正能代表整个群体的意见。”
Issue 61
“High-profile awards such as the Nobel Prize are actually damaging to society because they suggest that only a few people deserve such recognition.”
“像诺贝尔奖这类高调的奖项实际上对社会有害无益，因为它们暗示只有寥寥无几的人无愧于这样的承认。”
Issue 62
“The widespread idea that people should make self-improvement a primary goal in their lives is problematic because it assumes that people are intrinsically deficient.”
“人们应该将自我完善作为其生活的一个主要目标，这种广为流传的观念是有问题的，因为它假定人类在本质上是有缺陷的。”
Issue 63
“To truly understand your own culture—no matter how you define it—requires personal knowledge of at least one other culture, one that is distinctly different from your own.”
“要想真正理解你自己的文化——不管你对文化作何种定义——就需要拥有对至少一种其他文化的个人知识，一种与你自己的文化迥然不同的文化。”
Issue 64
“Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the best use of it.”
“许多人都知道如何去获得成功，但很少有人知道如何去最好地利用这种成功。”
Issue 65 "People have been so encouraged by society to focus on apparent differences that they fail to see meaningful similarities among ideas, individuals, and groups.”
“人们如此地被社会鼓励去将注意力集中在表面差异上，以致于他们无法看清楚不同的思想、个人和群体之间有意义的共同点。”
Issue 66
“As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate.”
“由于人们越来越依赖技术来解决问题，因此，人类为自己考虑的能力肯定会每况愈下。”
Issue 67
“Colleges should require students to engage in public-service activities in order to assure that each student receives a balanced, well-rounded education.”
“大学应该要求学生投身于公益活动，以便确保每个学生能获得一种平衡的、全面发展的教育。”
Issue 68
“People make the mistake of treating experts with suspicion and mistrust, no matter how valuable their contributions might be.”
“人们犯有这样一个错误，总是用怀疑和不信任来对待专家，无论他们的贡献有多大的价值。”
Issue 69
“Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development”
“对于科学研究与开发，政府即使要施加任何限制的话，也应该几乎不予限制。”
Issue 70
“In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership.”
“在任何行业，无论是商业，政治，教育，还是政府，掌权者应在5年任期后自行下台。对于任何体制而言，通向成功的最可靠的道路是通过新的领导层而为该体制注入新的活力。”
Issue 71
“Spending time alone makes one a better companion to others.”
“独自一人消磨时光可使一个人成为其他人的更好伴侣。”
Issue 72
“One can best understand the most important characteristics of a society by studying its major cities.”
“通过研究某个社会的主要城市，人们就能最有效地理解这个社会最重要的特征。”
Issue 73
“In most professions and academic fields, imagination is more important than knowledge.”
“在大多数行业和学术领域中，想象力要比知识来得更为重要。”
Issue 74
“The most effective way to communicate an idea or value to large groups of people is through the use of images, not language.”
“将某种理念或价值观传递给大众的最有效途径是通过使用形象，而不是语言。”
Issue 75 "The people who make important contributions to society are generally not those who develop their own new ideas, but those who are most gifted at perceiving and coordinating the talents and skills of others.”
“对社会作出重大贡献的人一般不是那些能形成自己新思想的人，而是那些最擅长于察觉并协调其他人的才能和技能的人。”
Issue 76
“Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of step with their time and their society.”
“真正深刻的思想家和具有高度创造力的艺术家总是与他们所处的时代和社会格格不入。”
Issue 77
“People today are too individualistic. Instead of pursuing self-centered, separate goals, people need to understand that satisfaction comes from working for the greater good of the family, the community, or society as a whole.”
“当今的人们过于个人主义。人们不应该追求自我为中心和独立于他人的目标，而应该懂得，满足感源自为家庭、社区或整个社会的更大利益而工作。”
Issue 78
“Schools should be required to teach the essential interconnectedness of all human beings and thus help eliminate wars, cultural clashes, and other forms of conflict.”
“学校应该教育学生认识到所有的人类在本质上都是互为关联的，从而有助于消除战争、文化冲突，以及其他形式的矛盾。”
Issue 79 Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts, who are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public.”
“重大的政策决定永远应该留给政治家和其他政府专家去完成，这些人更为见多识广，因此拥有比平民大众更好的判断力和视野。"“
Issue 80
“All students should be required to take courses in the sciences, even if they have no interest in science.”
“所有的学生都应学习科学课程，尽管他们有可能对科学兴趣索然。”
Issue 81
“Patriotic reverence for the history of a nation often does more to impede than to encourage progress.”
“对一个国家的历史出于爱国心理的崇尚往往更多地起着阻碍而不是促进进步的作用。”
Issue 82
“Government should never censor the artistic works or historical displays that a museum wishes to exhibit.”
“政府永远也不应该去审查博物馆所希望展出的任何艺术作品或历史展品”
Issue 83
“Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state, even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people.”
“政府应该保护公有荒地，维持其自然状态，即使这些地区经常极为遥远，人迹罕至。”
Issue 84
“In any field of endeavor, it is impossible to make a significant contribution without first being strongly influenced by past achievements within that field.”
“在任何努力领域中，如果不首先受到那一领域中过去成就的强烈影响，就不可能作出重大的贡献。”
Issue 85 "Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts.”
“政府对艺术的资助会危及艺术的独立性和完整性。”
Issue 86
“Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek immediate fame and recognition.”
“我们应该鼓励年轻人去追寻长远的和现实的目标，而不是去追求直接的名声和认可。”
Issue 87
“In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important discoveries.”
“在任何研究领域中，新手比专家更有可能作出重大的发现。”
Issue 88
“Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics.”
“技术不仅仅会影响而且也会在实际上决定社会习俗和伦理道德。”
Issue 89
“Leaders are created primarily by the demands that are placed upon them.”
“领袖人物主要是由置于他们身上的那些要求所造就的。”
Issue 90
“College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than seek programs that promise entry into the job market.”
“大学生应被鼓励去寻求那些令他们感兴趣的学科，而不应该去追求那些可望帮助他们进入职业市场的课程。”
Issue 91
“Most people think that their deeply held values are the result of rational choice, but reason often has little to do with the way people form values.”
“大多数人认为，他们内心深处珍藏的价值观是理性选择的结果，但理性经常与人们形成价值观的方式鲜有关系。”
Issue 92
“In any academic area or professional field, it is just as important to recognize the limits of our knowledge and understanding as it is to acquire new facts and information.”
“在任何学术或专业领域，认识到我们的知识和理解存在种种局限，这与获取新事实和新信息具有同等的重要性。”
Issue 93
“The concept of 'individual responsibility' is a necessary fiction. Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions, people's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.”
“个人责任这一概念不可避免地纯属虚构。虽然社会必须使个人对其行为负责，但人们的行为在很大程度上并非是由他们自己所能驾御的力量所决定的。”
Issue 94
“Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student's field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated.”
“大学应该要求每个学生去学习该生专业领域之外的多种课程，因为获得不同学科的知识是真正获得教育的最佳途径。”
Issue 95 "People work more productively in teams than individually. Teamwork requires cooperation, which motivates people much more than individual competition does.”
“人们以团队的形式工作时，要比单独一个人工作来得更富有成效。团队精神需要合作，这要比个人竞争更能激励人们。”
Issue 96
“Although, critics who write about the arts tend to deny the existence of any objective standards for evaluating works of art, they have a responsibility to establish standards by which works of art can be judged.”
“尽管论述艺术的评论家们倾向于否认存在着任何客观的标准用来评估艺术作品，但他们有责任来建立起某些标准，藉以衡量艺术作品。”
Issue 97
“It is unfortunate but true that political decisions and activities affect all aspects of people's lives.”
“有一件事情虽属不幸但却确凿无疑，那就是，政治决策和活动影响着人们生活的所有方面。”
Issue 98
“Colleges and universities should offer more courses on popular music, film, advertising, and television because contemporary culture has much greater relevance for students than do arts and literature of the past.”
“学院和大学应该开设更多的通俗音乐、电影、广告和电视方面的课程，因为当代文化要比过去的文学艺术对学生更加密切相关。”
Issue 99
“In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options.”
“在任何生活领域中，无论是学术的，社会的，商业的，还是政治的，成功的唯一途径是采取一种务实的而非理想主义的观点。务实的行为可确保生存，相反，理想主义的观点往往会被更为简单的和更为直接的选择所取代。”
Issue 100 The pressure to achieve high grades in school seriously limits the quality of learning. An educational environment without grades would promote more genuine intellectual development.”
“在学校里获取高分的压力严重限制了学习质量。没有分数的教育环境将促进更为真实的智力发展。"”
Issue 101
“Governments should provide funding for artists so that the arts can flourish and be available to all people.”
“政府应该为艺术家提供资助，这样艺术就能繁荣，并能为所有人所享受。”
Issue 102
“For better or worse, education is a process that involves revising the ideas, beliefs, and values people held in the past.”
“无论是好是坏，教育是一个涉及到不断修正人们在过去所拥有的观念、信仰和价值观的过程。”
Issue 103
“The study of history has value only to the extent that it is relevant to our daily lives.”
“史学研究只有与我们的日常生活密切相关才具有价值。”
Issue 104
“It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears.”
“一种文化，主要是通过正规教育，试图让它所赞赏的思想世代相传，并否定它所惧怕的思想。”
Issue 105 "The true strength of a country is best demonstrated by the willingness of its government to tolerate challenges from it's own citizens.”
“一个国家真正的力量体现于政府甘愿去容忍来自它自己公民的挑战。”
Issue 106
“All students should be required to take at least one course in ethics, even if taking the course means a decreased emphasis on academic subjects.”
“所有学生都应该去上至少一门伦理课程，即使上这门课意味着减少对学术性课程的某种强调。”
Issue 107
“Instant communication systems encourage people to form hasty opinions and give quick replies rather than take the time to develop thoughtful, well-reasoned points of view.”
“即时通信系统鼓励人们去形成仓促的观点并给出迅速的回答，而不是让人们花充分的时间去形成深思熟虑、仔细推敲的观点。”
Issue 108
“In many countries it is now possible to turn on the television and view government at work. Watching these proceedings can help people understand the Issues that affect their lives. The more kinds of government proceedings—trials, debates, meetings, etc—that are televised, the more society will benefit.”
“在许多国家，人们现在只要打开电视，便可以看到政府是如何运作的。观看到这样一些程序能够帮助人们理解那些影响到其生活的问题。电视转播政府程序----审判，辩论，会议等不一而足----的种类越多，则社会将获益更多。”
Issue 109
“Too much emphasis is placed on role models. Instead of copying others, people should learn to think and act independently and thus make the choices that are best for them.”
“人们对角色榜样给予了过多的强调。人们不应该模仿他人，而应该学习独立思考和行事，并因此去作出对他们最有利的选择。”
Issue 110
“When we concern ourselves with the study of history, we become storytellers. Because we can never know the past directly but must construct it by interpreting evidence, exploring history is more of a creative enterprise than it is an objective pursuit. All historians are storytellers.”
“当我们关注历史研究时，我们便成为故事讲述者。由于我们永远也不可能直接知道过去，而只能通过对证据的解释来构建历史，因此，探究历史更多地成为一项创造性的事业，而不是一种客观的求索。所有历史学家都是故事讲述者。”
Issue 111
“The worldwide distribution of television programs and advertisements is seriously diminishing the differences among cultures.”
“全世界范围内电视节目和广告的传播正在严重削弱不同文化之间的差异。”
Issue 112
“Some educational systems emphasize the development of students' capacity for reasoning and logical thinking, but students would benefit more from an education that also taught them to explore their own emotions.”
“有些教育强调发展学生的推理和逻辑思维能力，但一种也能教学生去探索其自我情感的教育，可使学生们获益更多。”
Issue 113
“It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves.”
“我们主要通过与社会群体的认同而来界定我们自身。”
Issue 114
“Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the condition of humanity.”
“在过去约一个世纪的时间中，人类几乎没有实现真正的进步。技术创新确实发生了，但人类的总体状况毫无改观。战争，暴力，以及贫穷仍然伴随着我们。技术无法改善人类的生存状况。”
Issue 115 "It is through the use of logic and of precise, careful measurement that we become aware of our progress. Without such tools, we have no reference points to indicate how far we have advanced or retreated.”
“只有通过应用逻辑推理和精确、慎重的测量我们才意识到我们的进步。没有这些工具，我们就没有任何参照点来衡量我们在多大程度上是进步了或是倒退了。”
Issue 116
“With the growth of global networks in such areas as economics and communication, there is no doubt that every aspect of society—including education, politics, the arts, and the sciences—will benefit greatly from international influences.”
“随着经济和通信等领域中全球性网络的发展，毫无疑问，社会的方方面面，包括教育、政治、艺术和科学，将能从各种国际影响中获益匪浅。”
Issue 117
“The depth of knowledge to be gained from books is richer and broader than what can be learned from direct experience.”
“从书本中获得的知识，其深度较之于从直接经验中所学到的东西会更为丰富和广泛”
Issue 118
“In any field of endeavor—the sciences, the humanities, the social sciences, industry, etc.—it is not the attainment of a goal that matters, but rather the ideas and discoveries that are encountered on the way to the goal.”
“在任何努力领域中，无论是科学，人文科学，社会科学，工业，还是其他领域，实现目标并不重要。重要的是在追求实现目标的道路上所遇到的思想和发现。”
Issue 119
“When research priorities are being set for science, education, or any other area, the most important question to consider is: How many people's lives will be improved if the results are successful?”
“当我们为科学、教育或任何其他领域确定研究优先权时，需要考虑的一个最重要的问题是：如果研究结果获得成功，会有多少人的生活将由此得以改善？。”
Issue 120
“So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past provides little guidance for living in the present.”
“当今世界，一切的一切是如此的新奇与复杂，以致于借助回顾过去来理解历史已经几乎无法指导人们如何生活在当今时代。”
Issue 121
“At various times in the geological past, many species have become extinct as a result of natural, rather than human, processes. Thus, there is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species.”
“在过去地质进程的不同阶段，许多物种由于自然进程而非人类进程的原因而灭绝。因此，人类社会没有任何正当的理由去作巨大的努力，尤其是在资金和劳动力方面作巨大的投入，去拯救某一濒危物种。”
Issue 122
“We owe almost all our knowledge not to people who have agreed, but to people who have disagreed.”
“我们应该将我们几乎全部的知识都归诸于那些持不同观点的人，而不是那些持相同观点的人。”
Issue 123
“It is possible to identify a person's politics within a very short time of meeting him or her. Everything about people—their clothes, their friends, the way they talk, what they eat—reflects their political beliefs.”
“在碰到一个人之后的很短时间内就可以认别出这个人的政治思想。人们周围的所有事情——他们穿戴的服饰，他们结交的朋友，他们谈话的方式，以及他们的饮食——都会折射出他们的信仰。”
Issue 124
“Instant foods, instant communication, faster transportation-all of these recent developments are designed to save time. Ironically, though, instead of making more leisure time available, these developments have contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more frantic than ever before.”
“快餐、即时通信，更迅捷的运输，所有这些最近的发展都旨在节省时间。但具有讽刺意味的是，这些发展非但没有使人们享受到更多的闲暇，反而促使人类事务的节奏比以往任何时候都更为匆忙，更为紧张纷乱。”
Issue 125 "The past is no predictor of the future.”
“历史无法预示未来。”
Issue 126
“Society's external rewards are no measure of true success. True success can be measured only in relation to the goals one sets for oneself.”
“社会的外在报酬决不能衡量出真正的成功。真正意义上的成功只能依据人们为自己设定的目标而得到衡量。”
Issue 127
“Facts are stubborn things. They cannot be altered by our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions.”
“事实都是一些极为顽强的事物。它们不能因为我们的主观愿望，我们的倾向或我们的激情而改变。”
Issue 128
“It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free.”
“我们常说，教育的目的是为了解放我们的心灵和精神。但实际上，正规教育往往会制约我们的心灵和精神，而不是让它们获得自由。”
Issue 129
“Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern life.”
“技术在现代生活中是一种必要的但并不总是具有积极意义的力量。”
Issue 130
“How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society.”
“孩子们今天相互交往的方式决定着社会的命运。不幸的是，我们还没有懂得如何去培养那些能创造一个更加美好的社会的孩子。”
Issue 131
“The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal the otherwise hidden ideas and impulses of a society.”
“艺术（绘画、音乐、文学等）可揭示出一个社会中那些原来深藏着的观念和冲动。”
Issue 132
“The university community consists of three different worlds—the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Because each world operates on its own assumptions and has its own special habits of thinking, rarely is there meaningful interaction among the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences.”
“一所综合性大学由三个全然不同的领域构成——自然科学，人文科学以及社会科学。由于每个领域按其自身的假设进行运作，拥有其自己特殊的思维习惯，因此在自然科学，人文科学和社会科学之间很少存在有意义的互动。”
Issue 133
“The problems of modern society have led many people to complain: 'We live in terrible times.' Yet, given the choice, no one today would prefer to live in any other time.”
“现代社会的问题导致许多人抱怨说，‘我们正生活在一个极其糟糕的时代。’但是，如果有选择余地的话，当今社会中没有人会愿意生活在其他任何时代。”
Issue 134
“Students should be encouraged to realize that mental agility and rhetorical skill must be accompanied by sincerity and the true conviction of their own beliefs.”
“我们应该鼓励学生去认识到，其心智之敏捷与修辞之技巧必须辅以其情感之诚挚与信仰之笃深。”
Issue 135 "While most of the environmental problems we face result from the use of technology, society must depend upon technology to find solutions to these problems.”
“尽管我们所面临的大多数环境问题缘自技术的应用，但社会必须依靠技术来寻找到这些问题的解决之道。”
Issue 136
“The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare.”
“没有选择余地是一个极其极其罕见的情状。”
Issue 137
“What we call progress is a matter of exchanging one problem for another.”
“我们所谓的进步实乃是用一个问题来换取另一个问题。”
Issue 138
“Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress.”
“唯有通过犯错误，才会有发现与进步。。”
Issue 139
“Every new generation needs to redefine 'right' and 'wrong' in its own terms and according to the conditions of its own time.”
“人类的每一代都必须用它那个时代的语汇并按照它那个时代的条件来重新界定‘是’与‘非’”
Issue 140
“What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent.”
“那些被社会视作最伟大的社会、政治和个人成就的东西经常造成了最大程度上的不满。”
Issue 141
“Most people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is that personal economic success requires conformity.”
“大多数人都能认识到个性的有利之处。但事实是，个人的经济成功所要求的则是与他人保持一致。”
Issue 142
“The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority.”
“当社会中的许多民众敢于对当权者提出质询时，整个社会的福祉便能得以改善。”
Issue 143
“Artists should pay little attention to their critics.* Criticism tends to undermine and constrain the artist's creativity." *those who evaluate works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. “艺术家应该对批评家们置之不理。批评家们的批评往往会损害甚至阻碍艺术家的创造力。” 注：批评家是指那些对艺术作品，诸如小说、电影、音乐、绘图等进行评价的人。 Issue 144
“It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value." *a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc. “能够给社会留下具有持久价值东西的人是艺术家，而不是艺术评论家。”
Issue 145 "A crucial test of character is whether one is able to adapt to changing social conventions without sacrificing one's principles.”
“检验性格的一个至关重要的试金石是看一个人能否在不牺牲其原则的情况下适应那些不断变幻的社会规范。”
Issue 146
“People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are the most critical of it.”
“最深切地致力于某一理念或政策的人是对它最持批评（挑剔）态度的。”
Issue 147
“Tradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them.”
“传统与现代化水火难容，人们必须在两者之间作出抉择。”
Issue 148
“Many people admire idealism, but it usually leads to disappointment or trouble.”
“许多人欣赏理想主义，但它一般以失望或麻烦而告终。”
Issue 149
“The most practical and effective way to protect wilderness areas is to attract more tourists to these areas through environmentally sensitive projects.”
“保护荒野地区的最实用而有效的途径是通过某些在环境方面敏感的项目将更多的旅行者吸引到这些地方来。”
Issue 150
“Because of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete.”
“由于电视和全球性的电脑联网，人们现在可以熟悉了解从前没有游览过的众多地方，其结果是旅游业会很快萧条。”
Issue 151
“High-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication.”
“高速电子传播媒介，例如电子邮件和电视，常常妨碍人们实现意义深远、有思想深度的交流。”
Issue 152
“The only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay within the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies.”
“只要不违法，公司决策者的唯一责任就是多多益善地为公司赚钱。”
Issue 153
“Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study. They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively.”
“学生应该对他所学的一切东西持怀疑态度。他们对所教给他们的东西应该进行质询而不是被动地接受。”
Issue 154
“Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools. Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators.”
“家长和社区都必须参与到地方学校对青少年的教育中去。教育的至关重要性决定了它不能只依靠专业的教育工作者。”
Issue 155 "Contemporary society offers so many ways of learning that reading books is no longer very important.”
“当代社会提供的学习方式如此之多，以至于读书不再非常重要。”
Issue 156
“Choice is an illusion. In reality, our lives are controlled by the society in which we live.”
“选择是种幻觉。现实中，我们的生活完全受制于我们生活于其中的社会。”
Issue 157
“There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires.”
“世界上根本没有纯客观的观察这样的东西。所有的观察都是主观的，永远受制于观察者的期望或愿望。”
Issue 158
“The arts (music, dance, visual arts, etc.) are vitally important to students' education and should therefore receive as much emphasis as mathematics, science, reading and other mainstream subjects.”
“艺术（包括音乐、舞蹈、视觉艺术等）对学生的教育殊为重要，因此应该像数学，科学，及其它主流课程那样获得同等程度的重视。”
Issue 159
“The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds.”
“人类的大脑将永远优越于机器，因为机器仅仅只是人类大脑的工具。”
Issue 160
“The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little.”
“一位卓有成效的领导人最根本的品质就是能够一如既往地坚持特定的原则和目标。任何一个容易且迅速受制于大众舆论变化的领导人很少能有什么成就。”
Issue 161
“In this age of intensive media coverage, it is no longer possible for a society to regard any woman or man as a hero. The reputation of anyone who is subjected to media scrutiny will eventually be diminished.”
“当今时代铺天盖地的媒体宣传使社会不再可能将任何一个男人或女人奉为英雄。任何一个受到媒体审视的人，其名声终将受损。”
Issue 162
“One often hears about the need for individuals to take responsibility for their own lives. However, the conditions in which people find themselves have been largely established long before people become aware of them. Thus, the concept of personal responsibility is much more complicated and unrealistic than is often assumed.”
“我们常听到这样一种说法，即人们应该为其自己的生活负起责任来。但是，人们所处的状况在很大程度上在人们意识到它们之前早就被决定了。因此，个人责任这一概念要比人们常常假设的远来得复杂和不现实。”
Issue 163
“Most people live, whether physically or morally, in a very restricted circle. They make use of a very limited portion of the resources available to them until they face a great problem or crisis.”
“大多数人，无论是在物质层面上还是在道德层面上，都生活在一个极为有限的圈子内。他们只能利用非常有限的一部分能为他们所获得的资源，直到他们面对一个重大问题或危机。”
Issue 164
“Sometimes imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible and thus can approach a task without constraints of established habits and attitudes.”
“有时候，想象力成为一种比经验更为可贵的财富。有些缺乏经验的人能够自由地发挥想象力，这样他们就可以不受固有习惯和态度的束缚来处理所要完成的任务。”
Issue 165 "In any given field, the leading voices come from people who are motivated not by conviction but by the desire to present opinions and ideas that differ from those held by the majority.”
“在任何一个特定的领域中，主要的声音经常来自这样一些人，他们的动机不是源自其信仰，而是源自这样一种愿望，即要去表达那些有别于大多数人所持有的观念和思想。”
Issue 166
“Over the past century, the most significant contribution of technology has been to make people's lives more comfortable.”
“在过去的一个世纪中，技术所作出的一个最重大的贡献是使人们的生活变得更加舒适。”
Issue 167
“It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth all the time. Complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician.”
“对于一个有效的政治领袖而言，在所有的时候都说真话是不可能的。对政治家来说，绝对诚实并不是一种有用的美德。”
Issue 168
“Critical judgment of work in any given field has little value unless it comes from someone who is an expert in that field.”
“在任何一个特定的领域，对作品的评判几乎全都没有什么价值，除非这种评判来自该领域的某位专家。”
Issue 169
“Those who treat politics and morality as though they were separate realms fail to understand either the one or the other.”
“那些将政治与道德当作仿佛是互不相干的两个范畴的人，对这两者中的任何一者都一无所知。”
Issue 170
“The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general welfare of all its people.”
“一个伟大国家的最可靠的标志并非是其统治者、艺术家或科学家所取得的成就，而是其全体人民总体的福祉水平。”
Issue 171
“People who pursue their own intellectual interests for purely personal reasons are more likely to benefit the rest of the world than are people who try to act for the public good.”
“那些出于纯粹个人原因而去追求其学术兴趣的人，比那些试图服务于公共利益的人更能为世界上的其他人带来裨益。”
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Issue 172
“Important truths begin as outrageous, or at least uncomfortable, attacks upon the accepted wisdom of the time.”
“重要的真理最初形成之时往往表现为对那个时代传统智慧的一种猛烈的或至少是令人不舒服的抨击。”
Issue 173
“Originality does not mean thinking something that was never thought before; it means putting old ideas together in new ways.”
“原创性并非意味着去思索那些前人从未思索过的东西；它意味着以全新的方式将旧思想融合在一起。”
Issue 174
“Laws should not be rigid or fixed. Instead, they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places.”
“法律不应该是静态的和一成不变的。相反，它们应该具有足够的灵活性来将不同的情况、时间和地点考虑在内。”
Issue 175 "It is always an individual who is the impetus for innovation; the details may be worked out by a team, but true innovation results from the enterprise and unique perception of an individual.”
“进行创新的驱动力总是个人。虽然具体细节可由一个团队来完成，但真正的创新源自个人的进取心和独特的感觉。”
Issue 176
“The function of science is to reassure; the purpose of art is to upset. Therein lies the value of each.”
“科学的作用在于使人消除疑虑，而艺术的目的在于颠覆旧的一切。各自的价值皆在于此。”
Issue 177
“The study of an academic discipline alters the way we perceive the world. After studying the discipline, we see the same world as before, but with different eyes.”
“对某一学科所作的研究可改变我们看待世界的方式。在研究了该学科之后，我们所看到的仍是和以前相同的世界，但看待问题的方式已全然不同。”
Issue 178
“It is possible to pass laws that control or place limits on people's behavior, but legislation cannot reform human nature. Laws cannot change what is in people's hearts and minds.”
“通过一些控制或限制人们行为的法律是有可能的。但立法无法改变人类的本性。法律不能改变人们心灵深外的东西。”
Issue 179
“What most human beings really want to attain is not knowledge, but certainty. Gaining real knowledge requires taking risks and keeping the mind open—but most people prefer to be reassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything.”
“大多数人真正希望获得的东西不是知识，而是某种确定感。获得真正的知识需要冒风险，并保持心灵的开放。但大多数人更愿意得到确定的信息，而不愿去了解有关任何事情的那种复杂且常常令人不安的事实真相。”
Issue 180
“Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated.”
“现代社会的许多问题无法通过法律和法制得到解决，因为我们不能对道德行为进行立法。”
Issue 181
“The way students and scholars interpret the materials they work with in their academic fields is more a matter of personality than of training. Different interpretations come about when people with different personalities look at exactly the same objects, facts, data, or events and see different things.”
“学生和学者在对其学术领域中所处理的材料进行解释时，所采用的方法更多地是一个性格问题，而不是一个专业训练问题。之所以会出现大相径庭的解释，是因为即使性格不同的人也能看到完全相同的对象、事实、数据或事件，但他们的看法却互不相同。”
Issue 182
“It is dangerous to trust only intelligence.”
“只相信人类的智力是危险的。”
Issue 183
“As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more complex and more mysterious.”
“随着我们获得更多的知识，事物并没有变得更易理解，而是变得更加复杂，更加神秘。”
Issue 184
“It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data.”
“在获得数据之前就进行理论阐述，这是一个严重的错误。”
Issue 185 "Scandals—whether in politics, academia, or other areas—can be useful. They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.”
“丑闻——无论是在政界、学术界，还是在其他领域——也能发挥其应用的作用。它们可以通过演说家或改革者所无法企及的方式将我们的注意力集中在某些问题上。”
Issue 186
“Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve. Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world.”
“实用性现在已成为我们的大偶像，所有的能力和才华必须唯其是瞻。任何不具有明显实用功能的东西在当今世界都是几乎没有价值的。”
Issue 187
“It is easy to welcome innovation and accept new ideas. What most people find difficult, however, is accepting the way these new ideas are put into practice.”
“欢迎创新，接受新思想，这是轻而易举的。但大多数人觉得难以做到的是去接受这些新思想被付诸实践的那种方式。”
Issue 188
“Success, whether academic or professional, involves an ability to survive in a new environment and, eventually, to change it.”
“成功，无论是学术上的还是事业上的，都涉及到在新环境中存活的能力，并最终改变这种环境。”
Issue 189
“If people disregard the great works of the past, it is because these works no longer answer the needs of the present.”
“如果人们忽视历史上的伟大作品，这是因为这些作品不再能满足目前的需要。”
Issue 190
“As long as people in a society are hungry or out of work or lack the basic skills needed to survive, the use of public resources to support the arts is inappropriate—and, perhaps, even cruel—when one considers all the potential uses of such money.”
“只要社会中有人还在忍饥挨饿，或失业，或缺乏存活所需的基本技能，那么，使用公共资源来支持艺术便是不恰当的，甚至可能是残忍的，尤其是当我们考虑到这些钱款所有的潜在用途时。”
Issue 191
“Education should be equally devoted to enriching the personal lives of students and to training students to be productive workers.”
“教育应在同等程度上致力于丰富学生的个人生活和培养学生成为卓有成效的劳动者。”
Issue 192
“Success in any realm of life comes more often from taking chances or risks than from careful and cautious planning.”
“在任何生活领域中，成功在更多情况下来自冒险和碰运气，而不是来自认真谨慎的筹划。”
Issue 193
“It is not the headline-making political events but the seldom-reported social tranformations that have the most lasting significance.”
“具有最持久意义的东西不是那些构成头版头条新闻的政治事件，而是那些鲜被报道的社会变化。”
Issue 194
“The best preparation for life or a career is not learning to be competitive, but learning to be cooperative.”
“为生活或事业所能作出的最好准备不是去学会竞争，而是去学会合作。”
Issue 195 "The goal of politics should not be the pursuit of an ideal, but rather the search for common ground and reasonable consensus.”
“政治的目标不应是追求某种理想，而应是去寻求共同的立场和合理的一致意见。”
Issue 196
“Technology creates more problems than it solves, and may threaten or damage the quality of life.”
“技术所造成的问题远多于它所能解决的问题，并可能会威胁或危及生活质量。”
Issue 197
“The material progress and well-being of one country are necessarily connected to the material progress and well-being of all other countries.”
“一个国家物质上的进步和福祉必然是和所有其他国家的物质进步和福祉密切相关。”
Issue 198
“Instead of encouraging conformity, society should show greater appreciation of individual differences.”
“社会不应该鼓励与他人保持一致，而应该更多地欣赏个人差异。”
Issue 199
“Truly innovative ideas do not arise from groups of people, but from individuals. When groups try to be creative, the members force each other to compromise and, as a result, creative ideas tend to be weakened and made more conventional. Most original ideas arise from individuals working alone.”
“真正创新的思想并不是来自群体，而是来自个人。当群体力图去创新时，其成员会逼迫彼此作出妥协，这样，原本富有创造性的思想便遭到削弱，带上越来越浓的常规色彩。最富创新的思想源自单枪匹马工作的个人。”
Issue 200
“The most elusive knowledge is self-knowledge, and it is usually acquired through solitude, rather than through interaction with others.”
“最难获得的知识是自知之明。自知之明通常是通过孤独而不是通过与他人的互动而获得。”
Issue 201
“The purpose of education should be to provide students with a value system, a standard, a set of ideas—not to prepare them for a specific job.”
“教育的目的在于为学生提供一个价值体系，一种标准，一整套思想，而不是让他们为某一种具体的工作作好准备。”
Issue 202
“Unlike great thinkers and great artists, the most effective political leaders must often yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise.”
“与伟大的思想家和伟大的艺术家不同，最有效的政治领袖必须经常屈服于公共舆论并为着妥协的缘故而放弃原则。”
Issue 203
“The best way to understand the character of a society is to examine the character of the men and women that the society chooses as its heroes or its heroines.”
“理解某一社会的特征的最好方法是去审视被该社会推崇为英雄人物的那些男人和女人的性格。”
Issue 204
“We learn through direct experience; to accept a theory without experiencing it is to learn nothing at all.”
“我们通过直接经验而学习到知识。在没有体验过一种理想的情况下接受该理论，这意味着什么都没学到。”
Issue 205 "As societies all over the world have more and more access to new information, the effects on life-long learning can only be positive.”
“随着世界上的各个社会能越来越多地获得新信息，对终生学习所产生的作用无疑是具有积极意义的。”
Issue 206
“People are too quick to take action; instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do.”
“人们在采取行动时过于迅速。相反，他们应该停下来思索一下他们有可能做的事情所会带来的后果。”
Issue 207
“Rituals and ceremonies help define a culture. Without them, societies or groups of people have a diminished sense of who they are.”
“仪式和礼仪有助于来界定一个社会的特色。没有了它们，社会或人类群体就会越来越难以意识到他们究竟是什么样的人。”
Issue 208
“The way people look, dress, and act reveals their attitudes and interests. You can tell much about a society's ideas and values by observing the appearance and behavior of its people.”
“人们穿着、打扮和行动的方式可暗示出他们的态度与兴趣爱好。通过观察某个社会中人们的外表和行为，我们就能知悉很多关于这个社会的思想和价值观的内容。”
Issue 209
“Progress is best made through discussion among people who have contrasting points of view.”
“持不同观点的人们彼此间进行讨论，这是取得进步的最佳途径。”
Issue 210
“Most people choose a career on the basis of such pragmatic considerations as the needs of the economy, the relative ease of finding a job, and the salary they can expect to make. Hardly anyone is free to choose a career based on his or her natural talents or interest in a particular kind of work.”
“大多数人在选择其职业生涯时，所依据的往往是一些实用主义的考虑，如经济上的需要，找工作是否相对容易，以及他们所能期望获得的薪酬。几乎很少有人能随心所欲地依据自己的天赋或对某种特定工作的兴趣去选择一种职业生涯。”
Issue 211
“Any decision-whether made by government, by a corporation, or by an individual person-must take into account future conditions more than present conditions.”
“任何决定，无论是由政府、公司或由个人作出的，应该更多地考虑到未来的情况而非目前的状况。”
Issue 212
“If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable.”
“如果某一目标是值得的，那么，用来达到这一目标的任何手段都是正当的。”
Issue 213
“Too much emphasis has been placed on the need for students to challenge the assertions of others. In fact, the ability to compromise and work with others—that is, the ability to achieve social harmony—should be a major goal in every school.”
“我们过分强调学生应该质疑他人的论断。实际上，能够做出妥协让步并能够与他人肩并肩地合作，换言之，能够去实现社会和谐，这种能力应该成为每所学校的重要目标。”
Issue 214
“Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability. Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped.”
“社会应该辨别出那些拥有特殊才华和能力的孩子，并开始对他们实施早期训练，从而使他们最终能在他们所擅长的领域中出类拔萃。否则，这些天赋有可能一直无法得到发展。”
Issue 215 "The bombardment of visual images in contemporary society has the effect of making people less able to focus clearly and extensively on a single Issue over a long period of time.”
“当代社会中，视觉形象的轰炸所起到的作用是使人们越来越无法在一个较长的时间内将注意力明确而又广泛地集中在单个问题上。”
Issue 216
“Most important discoveries or creations are accidental: it is usually while seeking the answer to one question that we come across the answer to another.”
“大多数重大发现或创造都是偶然的：情况往往是这样，当我们正在为一个问题寻找答案时，我们碰巧发现了另一个问题的答案。”
Issue 217
“In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made.”
“为了能创作出成功的原创作品，学者和科学家必须首先学习其他人的成功作品，以便了解哪些贡献还有待于去实现。”
Issue 218
“In order for any work of art—whether film, literature, sculpture, or a song—to have merit, it must be understandable to most people.”
“为了使一部分艺术作品——无论是电影、文学、雕塑，还是歌曲——具有价值，它必须能为大多数人所理解。”
Issue 219
“Now that computer technology has made possible the rapid accessing of large amounts of factual information, people are less likely than ever to think deeply or originally. They feel unable to compete with—much less contribute to—the quantity of information that is now available electronically.”
“由于计算机技术使人类得以快速地获取大量事实性信息，人们就不太可能象以前那样去进行深刻的和富有创造性的思维。他们觉得无法与人们现在通过电子手段所能获得的大量信息相匹敌，更说不上为之作出贡献了。”
Issue 220
“The increase in knowledge is forcing people to specialize. As a result, the distance between fields of specialization has become so vast that specialists in different areas are rarely able to influence each other.”
“知识的增加迫使人们进行专业化的分工。如此一来，各个专业领域之间的距离变得如此之大，以致于不同领域中的专家们很少能相互影响。”
Issue 221
“The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history.”
“史学研究的主要益处在于去打破这样一种幻觉，即生活在一个历史时期的人们迥然有别于任何其他历史时期的人们。”
Issue 222
“Learning for learning's sake is an outdated concept. Today, education must serve an ulterior purpose and be directed toward clear goals.”
“为了学习的缘故而去学习，这是一个陈旧过时的观念。今天，教育必须服务于一种外部的目的，面向明确的目标。”
Issue 223
“Education is primarily a personal matter; it has little to do with school or college.”
“教育主要是一种个人事务；它与学校或学院鲜有联系。 “
Issue 224
“Censorship is rarely, if ever, justified.”
“审查制度，即使有任何合理性，也很少是合理的。”
Issue 225 "People often look for similarities, even between very different things, and even when it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms; we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else.”
“人们经常寻找共同点，即使在非常不同的事物之间，甚至在这样做没甚益处或有害的时候，人们还是乐此不疲。但恰恰相反，我们应该就事论事地考虑一件事情。我们应避免将它与其他事情进行比较的倾向。”
Issue 226
“People are mistaken when they assume that the problems they confront are more complex and challenging than the problems faced by their predecessors. This illusion is eventually dispelled with increased knowledge and experience.”
“当人们以为他们所面临的问题要比其前人所面对的问题来得更为复杂且更具挑战性时，他们便错了。这种幻觉会随着其知识与阅历的增加而最终烟消云散。”
Issue 227
“To remain vigorous, any academic field needs to be led by truly independent thinkers who are willing to ignore established boundaries and challenge long-standing assumptions.”
“为了保持其生机和活力，任何学术领域必须由真正独立的思想家来领导，这些思想家应心甘情愿去忽视既存的樊篱，并挑战由来已久的假设。”
Issue 228
“The best way to teach—whether as an educator, employer, or parent—is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.”
“最好的教育方法——无论是作为一位老师，雇主，还是作为父母——是去赞扬正面的行为而忽视负面的行为。”
Issue 229
“The best way to learn a new subject or skill is to study small segments or details in great depth rather than to start by trying to develop a sense of the whole.”
“学习一门新学科或新技能的最佳途径是深入学习小的片断或细节，而不是一上来就去培养一种整体感。”
Issue 230
“College students—and people in general—prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions. Therefore, colleges should eliminate as many choices as possible in order to offer students clear direction.”
“大学学生——以及普通民众——宁肯服从指令也不愿意自己作出决定。因此，大学应该尽量多地去除选择，以便给学生提供清晰的指令。”
Issue 231
“'Moderation in all things' is ill-considered advice. Rather, one should say, 'Moderation in most things,' since many areas of human concern require or at least profit from intense focus.”
“‘全面实现现代化’实乃一种考虑欠妥的建议。相反，我们应该说，‘在大多数方面实现现代化’，因为许多领域的人类事务需要强烈的关注，或至少能从强烈的关注中获益。”
Issue 232
“The purpose of education should be to create an academic environment that is separate from the outside world. This kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back by practical concerns.”
“教育的目的在于创造一个独立于外界的学术环境。这种环境是十分理想的，因为它能够让学生将注意力集中于重要的思想，而不必为实用的考虑而分散精力。”
Issue 233
“Although innovations such as video, computers, and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students, these technologies all too often distract from real learning.”
“虽然诸如录像机、电脑及因特网等发明似乎为学校提供了更加完善的教学手段，但这些技术非常频繁地分散着学生的注意力，使其无法专注于真正的学习。”
Issue 234
“Most people prefer restrictions and regulations to absolute freedom of choice, although they would probably deny such a preference.”
“大多数人更喜欢限制和规则，而不喜欢绝对的选择自由，尽管他们有可能否认这样一种偏爱。”
Issue 235 "Most people are taught that loyalty is a virtue. But loyalty—whether to one's friends, to one's school or place of employment, or to any institution—is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force.”
“大多数人受过这样的教育，即忠诚乃美德。但忠诚——无论是对于自己的朋友、学校、工作单位，还是对任何机构的忠诚——在太多的时候是一种具有破坏性的而非建设性的力量。”
Issue 236
“Encouraging young people to believe that they can accomplish great things if they try hard enough is both misleading and potentially harmful.”
“鼓励年轻人相信，只要他们勤于努力，就能实现重大成就，这不仅仅会产生误导作用，而且具有潜在的危害性。”
Issue 237
“Computers and video technology can make facsimiles of original works such as paintings and historical documents available to everyone. The great advantage of this new technology is that it will enable anyone—not just scholars—to conduct in-depth research without having access to the original works.”
“计算机和录像技术使诸如绘画和历史文件的原作的复制品能为所有人所获得。这一新技术的优越之处在于，它能使每个人，而不仅仅是学者，进行深入的研究，而不一定要占有原作。 Issue 238
“Conformity almost always leads to a deadening of individual creativity and energy.”
“与他人保持一致几乎总是会导致个人创造力和精力的窒息。”
Issue 239
“Much of the information that people assume is 'factual' actually turns out to be inaccurate. Thus, any piece of information referred to as a 'fact' should be mistrusted since it may well be proven false in the future.”
“人们自认为‘事实性的’许多信息实际上都是不精确的，因此，任何一条被称为‘事实性的’信息不应该被信以为真，因为它在未来很有可能被证谬。”
Issue 240
“Although it is easy to respond positively to the work of another person or group, it is far more worthwhile to give negative feedback.”
“虽然对另一个人或另一个团体所做的工作作出正面回应是极为容易的，但提供负面的反馈会更有价值。”
Issue 241
“An individual's greatness cannot be judged objectively by his or her contemporaries; the most objective evaluators of a person's greatness are people who belong to a later time.”
“某个个人是否伟大，无法由这个人的同代人作出客观的评判。衡量一个人是否伟大的最客观的评判者是那些属于下一个时代的人们。”
Issue 242
“Societies should try to save every plant and animal species, regardless of the expense to humans in effort, time, and financial well-being.”
“全社会应竭尽全力挽救每一个植物与动物物种，无论人类在精力，时间和财力方面耗费多大的代价。”
Issue 243
“The true value of a civilization is reflected in its artistic creations rather than in its scientific accomplishments.”
“文明的真正价值所反映在它的艺术创作中，而非反映在它的科学成就中。”
Issue 244
“Most societies do not take their greatest thinkers seriously, even when they claim to admire them.”
“大多数社会不会认真对待他们那个时代最伟大的思想家，尽管他们声称他们十分崇拜这些思想家。”
Issue 245 "Unfortunately, the media tend to highlight what is sensational at the moment. Society would be better served if the media reported or focused more fully on events and trends that will ultimately have the most long-term significance.”
“不幸的是，媒体倾向于凸现那些只在此时此际轰动性的事件。如果媒体更全面充分地报道或关注那些终将产生最为深远意义的事件和趋势，那么，社会便能得到更好的回报。”
Issue 246
“Contemporary art (painting, music, literature, etc.) is absent from the lives of most people, since it is primarily created only for the enjoyment of other artists. Art should instead be created purely for popular understanding and appreciation.”
“当代艺术（绘画、音乐、文学等）已从大多数人的生活中消失，因为它主要是为了其他艺术家的享受而创作出来的。相反，艺术创作应该纯粹为了大众的理解和欣赏。”
Issue 247
“No amount of information can eliminate prejudice because prejudice is rooted in emotion, not reason.”
“再多数量的信息也无法消除人们的偏见，因为偏见植根于情感而非理性。”
Issue 248
“What is called human nature is really a reflection of the human condition: if all people had a reasonable share of territory and resources, such products of 'human nature' as war and crime would become extremely rare.”
“所谓人性实际上是人类生存条件的反映：如果所有的人都可以适当地分享土地和资源，那么诸如战争和犯罪等等‘人性’的产物就会极其罕见了。”
Issue 249
“Great advances in knowledge necessarily involve the rejection of authority.”
“巨大的知识进步必然涉及到对权威的摈弃。”
Issue 250
“International relations can never be completely harmonious because many cultures do not share the same values.”
“国际关系永远也无法做到彻底的和谐，因为许多文化并不分享相同的价值观。”
Issue 251
“We live under the illusion that we know what we want, when actually we merely want what we are supposed to want.”
“我们生活在这样一种幻觉中，即我们似乎知道我们想要什么；但实际上，我们所想得到的东西只是社会允许我们去获取的那些东西。”
Issue 252
“The function of art is not to keep pace with science and technology but rather to provide an escape from these forces.”
“艺术的作用不是与科技保持同步，而是去提供一种逃避这些力量的途径。”
Issue 253
“Too much time, money, and energy are spent developing new and more elaborate technology. Society should instead focus on maximizing the use of existing technology for the immediate benefit of its citizens.”
“太多的时间、金钱和精力被用于发展全新的和更为复杂的技术。相反，社会应该集中力量来最大限度地应用现有技术，来使它的公民直接受益。”
Issue 254
“Imprisonment for violent crimes should be made as unpleasant as possible in order to deter potential offenders from committing such crimes.”
“对犯有暴力罪行的人实施的囚禁，应该尽可能地使它变得难以忍受，从而对潜在的作恶者产生威慑作用，使其不敢去犯下这样的罪行。”
Issue 255 "Most cultures encourage individuals to sacrifice a large part of their own personalities in order to be like other people. Thus, most people are afraid to think or behave differently because they do not want to be excluded.”
“大多数文化鼓励个人牺牲其相当一部分个性以便与他人保持相似。因此，大多数人便不敢有不同的思想和行为，因为他们不希望被排除在群体之外。”
Issue 256
“Most of the people we consider heroic today were, in fact, very ordinary people who happened to be in the right place at the right time.”
“事实上，大多数在今天被我们视为英雄的人们都是一些普通人而已，他们只是凑巧在恰当的时机出现在恰当的地方。”
Issue 257
“A person's own habits and attitudes often limit that person's freedom more than do restrictions imposed by others.”
“一个人自身的习惯与态度往往要比由他人施予的禁令更能限制这个人的自由。”